Cuidado pré-natal no contexto da gravidez adolescente: um estudo de revisão

Abstract

Pregnancy during adolescence, besides promoting the occurrence of complications in pregnancy and childbirth, contributes to higher levels of emotional, behavioral, educational and learning problems. It constitutes a public health problem. So, it is important that adolescents have access to adequate, humanized and qualified prenatal care. Objective: To identify and analyze scientific articles that relating prenatal care to teen pregnancy. Method: This is an integrative review through the virtual library SciELO and LILACS e MEDLINE databases in September 2015. Results: It was analyzed 16 studies according to the inclusion criteria, 13 studies are related to prenatal care, with pregnant adolescents or recently mothers participants. Other three studies refer to the relationship between health professionals and adolescents inserted in prenatal care. The main findings show low adherence of pregnant adolescents in the early stages of pregnancy or a late accession. Risk factors to maternal and newborn health, like neonatal mortality and post-natal, maternal morbidity, low birth weight and prematurity were addressed in scientific production. Issues relating to the care of pregnant women, for example, the link with health professionals, lack of information passed by professionals and unprepared to work with the demands of adolescents were highlighted. Furthermore, they highlight the importance of social support in the gestation period. Studies report family, partner, health services as sources of support to pregnant adolescents.