Antecedentes dos comportamentos de cidadania organizacional: um estudo com trabalhadores do conhecimento da área de TI

Abstract

The interest in the studies of Organizational Citizenship Behaviors (OCB) has gained space in several areas, such as Business, Computer Science, Sociology, Communication, Nursing, etc. Such relevance is justified by the fact that OCB are increasingly embedded in the organizational fabric, as mentioned by Podsakoff et al. (2009). Organ (1988) defined OCB as discretionary behaviors that are not formally required by the company. Thus this study aimed to analyze the influence of Social Support at Work (SSW) and Interpersonal Trust (InT) on OCB from the perspective of workers in the IT sector. Therefore, a survey of descriptive nature was carried out, with quantitative methodologies for the calculation of the results, as well as for the analyzes. Initially the validation of the instrument of OCB and InT for knowledge workers was carried out with 18 specialists, where it was possible to perceive that the instrument is suitable for the context. Next, the survey was carried out with 352 employees belonging to 41 companies from different states in Brazil. The data obtained were analyzed with SPSS software support in order to perform statistical tests of correlations between the constructs and the regression test to verify the influence of SSW and InT over OCB. The main results showed that there is a positive influence of SSW and InT on OCB. Furthermore, it was possible to note that for the construct OCB, for the workers of IT sector, Voice was the most identified factor. With regard to SSW, the most identified factors were Instrumental Support, and with respect to InT, the factor with greater perception was Trust in Superiors. For the correlation between OCB and InT, the most evident factors were Aid and Trust in Superiors; for the OCB and SSW constructs, the factors Aid and Instrumental Support obtained the highest scores, then the correlation between SSW and InT presented the highest scores on the Emotional Support factors and Trust in Colleagues. Multiple regression analyzes showed that the model with the greatest explanatory power was represented by the variable Aid, whose variance was explained in 29.8% by the variables Instrumental Support and Trust in colleagues, followed by the model represented by the Civic Virtue variable, with variance of 20.2%, also explained by Instrumental Support and Trust in Colleagues. This study made it possible to understand the interactions between the three constructs contributing to present a new look on the topics addressed, as well as to suggest new strategies to the managers of organizations of the IT sector.