Silvicultura de Pinus elliottii Engelm desafios técnicos e legais para a sustentabilidade

Abstract

Forestry of the genus Pinus is treated like a threat to the Pampa Biome, especially on the south coast of Rio Grande do Sul and causes conflicts that, almost, always, disregard its productive, social and economic importance, and its effective environmental services. In addition, this type of conflict does not consider the qualification of the production process as a method of reducing the negative impacts of the forestry implantations and benefiting the employees involved in the activity. In order to manage this situation, the state and the environmental agencies use laws for organize the forestry therefore analyze this particular moment, it is necessary to search for new models for this activity. In this way, the objective of this work is to characterize the profile of the tapper workers from P. elliottii of south coast in the state and to study methods that qualify the wood and resin production process. The study area is located in the municipality of Santa Vitória do Palmar-RS and has a total area of 17.000 ha, of which 6.720 ha of effective planting of P. elliottii. The resin produced by this species is a non-timber forest product with great economic importance and resin act is the activity that extracts resin from the resin channels of these trees, this process is completely manual and requires a large amount of labor. The data collection was carried out using questionnaires that followed the rules of no tendency no complexity, no overlapping of items in multiple answer questions and the inclusion of the “other” option in questions with predefined answers. From the interviews, it was possible to characterize different functions of resin act, age, education, relationship of the employee with the family, and others. From the interviews, it was possible to characterize different functions of resin act, age, education, relationship of the employee with the family, and others. It was also possible to analyze the degree of satisfaction regarding the work group, the structures and accommodations, and the remuneration obtained. Therefore, the modification of forest management is important for this activity to persist and be successful. It is necessary discuss sustainability, legal security and new ways of management, creating new standards for plantations and building a new management model. For that, it is necessary to connect themes such as forestry close to nature, multifunctionality and triple bottom line in a methodology proposal assigning production values to the conservation areas and conservation values to the production areas. The main result of this methodology is probably achieve high rates of environmental conservation and high rates of wood and resin production, benefiting society in general by making sustainability operational. In this way, the previous conflict between tree monoculture and environmental conservation can be mitigated.