Perspectivas da internação psiquiátrica: inventário do cuidado e da produção de redes

Abstract

In view of the new approaches in mental health, from the Brazilian Psychiatric Reform, the psychiatric hospitalizations should only occur after exhausted all therapeutic possibilities and all the extra resources available in hospital health care network. However, when necessary, the hospital should have a short duration, which sustain the individual at the time of need, so that the rest of the treatment can be contemplated in other network services. Moreover, the care offered to the user during hospitalization should be based on the amplified clinic, in humanistic frameworks of freedom, autonomy and completeness. Given the above, this study aimed to understand the perception of the multiprofessional team of psychiatric hospitalization units of general hospitals belonging to the 4th Regional Health Coordinator on the psychiatric hospitalization. It is a qualitative study of exploratory and descriptive study, whose data were obtained through interviews with 19 professionals of different nuclei of psychiatric hospitalization units of general hospitals belonging to the 4th Regional Coordination of Health, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, in the period from June to August 2017. The ethical aspects of research involving human beings were respected according to Resolution 466/12 of the National Health Council. The data were subjected to an operational analysis proposed by Minayo, revealing two categories of analysis: the plot of the networks: perception of production networks in mental health in the central region of the state of Rio Grande do Sul and; the reality is reflected in the mirror: the care to the user from the perceptions of the multiprofessional team. The results showed that the professionals visualize weaknesses and challenges regarding the production of networks in mental health, as the judicialization, lack of investment in Primary Health Care, CAPS, the lack of resources for the maintenance of the inpatient units and the high rate of readmissions in the region. As the care offered to the person in distress during the hospital stay, showed that the healthcare practices, where there is still plenty of medicalization and fragmentation of the team, are not fully matched according to the statements of the workers, with intense reformist approach. The care and family participation during the period of hospitalization was considered one of the main points for the consolidation of the principles of the Brazilian Psychiatric Reform and of the PNSM.It is concluded that there is a strong need for investment in health, which encompasses all devices in the RAPS, as well as changes in the training of professionals, to ensure that the principles of the RPB "inhabit" the workers, so that it makes sense in the daily routine of services.