Educação em saúde na perspectiva do usuário com câncer de cabeça e pescoço

Abstract

This study aimed to describe the user’s perception of the head and neck care line about health education actions in health and disease process and develop a road map proposal that addresses the guidelines in the perioperative period. This qualitative, descriptive study conducted with patients users of head and neck cancer who underwent surgery at the University Hospital of Santa Maria in the period from January 2014 to July 2015. Study participants were 15 users, and the data were collected through semi-structured interviews and analyzed under the thematic area health education. It was found that the preoperative guidelines include a discussion of the surgical procedure, and devices such as therapeutic dolls has been an innovative and creative resource in understanding the health-disease process reducing anxiety and nervousness establishing a bond of trust with the multidisciplinary team. The biomedical model is still highlighted when the user brings the doctor as a primary care figure, however, in practice it is noticed a gradual change where the integration of the teams approach to expanded clinical activities, singular therapeutic project has fostered integration and visualization skills of each professional core. As for the discharge guidelines, was identified through multidisciplinary approach to encouraging self-care, autonomy of the individual, promotion and prevention, in order to ensure quality in home care. The route guidance was prepared after pact with the management of the service and according to the rules of the institution. It is concluded that health education activities in hospitals contribute to the assistance to users, promoting humane and comprehensive care, the quality of care in health promotion and prevention perspective contributing to a change in educational culture and integration of professional nucleus in the Unified Health System.