A violação da lei n° 9.605/1998 em Mariana e Brumadinho e seus impactos socioambientais

Abstract

The work will be a monograph referring to the environmental crimes that occurred in Brazil by the mining company Samarco, on November 5, 2015 and the mining company Vale SA, on January 25, 2019. The damage that companies caused in two municipalities in the State of Minas will be demonstrated. General, in Mariana and Brumadinho and the offense against the Magna Carta, the Environmental Crimes Law (Law 9605/98), and sources such as reports and research that have already been published will be used. First, the dimension of the accidents and the immediate consequences, the collapse of the mining dams, how and when they occurred and the circumstances that led to the event will be described. The incorrect storage of tailings in upstream barriers, a common retention in Brazilian mining companies, which provide the phenomenon of liquefaction pointed out as the cause of accidents in dams. Secondly, the effects, these being the direct or indirect socio-economic impacts, whether immediate or long term. Changes in biota, fauna and flora, soil and water bodies will be shown. Two main rivers in the municipalities that underwent changes in their parameters, the Rio Doce, in Mariana and the Rio Paraopeba, in Brumadinho and the other tributaries that suffered contamination from ore tailings. Furthermore, as the largest environmental crime ever reported involving mining companies, it has had negative impacts on society by destroying people and families and the entire public system and local infrastructure. Still, to complement, the accusations and penalties imposed on the companies, as they responded for the criminal responsibility. Applicability of fines to companies, from presidents to technicians who were accused of the disaster and were aware of the possible collapse of the dams and compensation for families who lost everything in the catastrophe. After years, little has been done to restore the damaged area, which shows that the best solution is always to remedy and report any irregularities and insecurity within companies, and strict inspection by the competent bodies becomes essential.