O pensamento de Celso Furtado: uma análise do (sub)desenvolvimento - produtividade, acumulação e distribuição de renda

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to contribute to an assessment of the Celso Furtado’s thinking importance in the working method’s elucidation of the capitalist system’s peripheral economies, particularly in Brazil. His proposal shows, as a major contribution of this author, the formulation of dynamic economic development in order to explain how this was done in less developed countries of the system. To that end, it is addressed the process of industrialization occurred in dependent countries and its peculiarities, that were identified by Furtado as obstacles to economic growth combined with development. In this regard, the issues related to labor productivity and capital accumulation in the context of late industrialization were examined, and the themes related to the income concentration, the propositions concerning to this distribution and the points concerning the real wage were analyzed. The election of those issues is explained by their fundamental importance to the development, in Furtado’s view, in the sense that the optimal combination of productive factors that cause the increases in productivity and enables the accumulation of capital consist in the own development and the produced growth of real income and the its subsequent distribution determine the progress direction. In the investigation it was tried to articulate the way how these factors happened in developed and underdeveloped countries, emphasizing the observed differences. The purpose was to highlight how the author understood the economic development and underdevelopment and to identify which ideology he took part, showing evidence of structuralist elements and which developmental policy he defended. It was also reported Furtado’s perception about strategies for underdevelopment overcoming, emphasizing the need of society transformation and economic objectives through political reforms as a tool for solving the underdevelopment dilemmas.