Nova estrutura dinâmica para a formação de tarifas de transmissão com sinais econômicos adequados aos agentes de consumo e geração de eletricidade

Abstract

The energy transition intensifies two limitations verified on traditional transmission cost allocation (TCA) methods employed around the world: 1) lack of coordination between transmission pricing and load evolution, and 2) lack of efficient signals to guide the generation expansion throughout the transmission system. This work presents a novel dynamic framework that overcomes such limitations, making tariff adjustments that reflect the responsibility of each user on transmission investment. The process undertaken by the framework for the transmission tariff formation captures two important aspects: the load evolution at each system bus and the optimal generation necessary to minimize the electrical losses into the transmission network. In terms of consumption, adjustments are made to raise the tariffs at buses with load growth and to reduce the tariffs at those buses with load decline. In relation to generation, the framework rewards generators that contribute to minimize the electrical losses, through the calculation of benefits that work as discounts in their tariffs. Both aspects are innovative and direct contributions to the power sector, as they are attributes not verified on traditional TCA methods. Furthermore, the transmission tariff formation is integrated with the reconfiguration of distribution networks that respond to this tariff, in order to minimize the global cost of distribution utilities. Thus, the work presents an integrated structure that allows analyzing the feedback between transmission tariffs and agents of electricity consumption and generation. The novel dynamic framework stimulates a more distributed load growth in the power system and incentivizes that generators increase their capacity at suitable locations in the system. The integration between transmission tariffs and distribution networks guarantees the raise of regulatory fairness between these power sector segments. Hence, the framework increases the economic efficiency of transmission tariffs, through individual, proportional and coordinated tariff adjustments, also ensuring the full recovery of the total transmission cost. The framework modeling is generic, which allows its application with any TCA method, with different power systems, and with distinct cost structures. Therefore, the framework is able to contribute to the provision of efficient economic signals, promoting a better use of system resources and launching new possibilities of tariff integration and operational coordination.