Bioinsumos e componentes agronômicos ótimos visando altas produtividades em milho

Abstract

This dissertation is divided into two chapters with the following objectives: Chapter 1: (i) Evaluate the potential use of bioinputs in reducing the corn crop yield gap; (ii) Evaluate the growth and development parameters of the corn crop modified by the use of bioinputs in dry and irrigated conditions, Chapter 2: (i) Identify the values of the optimal agronomic components of corn productivity that provide high yields. To achieve the objectives of chapter 1, parameters of growth, development and productivity of two experiments carried out under rainfed and irrigated conditions were evaluated, in two locations during the agricultural harvest of 2020/2021. To achieve the objective of Chapter 2, the yield components Leaf area index, plant density, row number per spike, number of grains per spike and 1000 grain mass were determined through data collected in commercial crops and experiments in irrigated and rainfed condition, which exploit a wide range of sowing dates (from August to March), from 10 agricultural years (2005–2019). The optimal agronomic component values were determined using the limit function methodology. The importance of each productivity component was defined from the regression tree and Venn diagram. The main results of this work were: (i) the microorganisms influence the growth and development (ii) there was an increase in the mass of 1000 grains and in the productivity (Mg.ha-1) in the rainfed condition with the use of Thichoderma harzianum, Trichoderma longibrachatium, Azospirillum brasillense, Hidra Hume + Nucleus - O - Phos. The values of the optimal agronomic components of the yield potential in corn are 5.3 ÌAF (leaf area index), 9.3 plants per m², 605 grains per ear and a thousand grain mass of 369 grams. This information can help optimize current corn management practices to increase productivity and resource efficiency.