Simulação e análise de esforços eletromecânicos em transformadores elétricos utilizando o método de elementos finitos

Abstract

Due the increasing demand of electrical energy in the power electric system, the short-circuit level become larger each day, taking the equipment connected to the system to critical conditions. These conditions affect also the transformers, which are subject to high circulating currents. These currents cause high electromagnetic efforts in the transformer’s windings, which can lead the equipment to failure, representing large financial loss and significant reduction of the system reliability. In a way of avoiding the recurrent damage of these equipment, studies need to be developed in the project phase, in order to ensure the mechanical supportability of the equipment and to develop an optimal and adequate design. As a result of the inviability of short-circuit tests, due their high financial cost and destructive capacity, this work proposes a simulation routine of the electromagnetic efforts using the finite element method, enabling the analysis of the force behavior in transformer’s windings. To validate the proposed method, this work presents the modeling and simulation of a real transformer, comparing the obtained results with the values provided by the manufacturer. It is concluded, after the validation process, that it is possible to use the proposed simulation method in a reliable way in order to analyse eletromechanical efforts, since the simulation results are satisfying against the real values provided by the manufacturer.