Valorização profissional e feminização dos professores: um estudo a partir do curso normal do Instituto Estadual de Educação Olavo Bilac, de Santa Maria/RS, entre 1901 e 1970

Abstract

This research aims at analyzing the professional appreciation of teachers in the Normal Course of the State Institute of Education Olavo Bilac - IEEOB, Santa Maria / RS, between 1947 and 1970. To understand it is necessary to go back to the nineteenth century and find out how the Normal Course in Brazil and in Rio Grande do Sul arises. In order to carry out the research, IEEOB was chosen because it is the first Institute of Education created in the interior of the State, which maintains a rich historical collection with numerous data, to which the researcher had access, as a Scholarship for Scientific Initiation in a project on the Normal Course, with the Research and Studies Group Kairós, which is intended to study Work, Public Policies and Education. It is important to understand the historicity of the Normal Course, to understand the appreciation of teachers that says a lot about educational professionals and about the political and social moments that influence and influence education. For the theoretical reference, we studied works by Saviani (2010), Hypólito (1997, 1999) and Ferreira (2008, 2010), as well as others. As data production techniques, documentary analysis was carried out, understood as the study of the documents in their production contexts, comparing them to each other, being systematized in order to study the appreciation process, which is understood as comprising the salary and the treatment of teachers, understood as education workers. In this process, it is believed that there is a lack of class consciousness among teachers and it is necessary to echo their voices in search of improvements in the profession and, consequently, in their pedagogical work.