Análise da contribuição do Programa Bolsa Família na emancipação social das famílias beneficiárias no município de Santa Maria - RS

Abstract

Poverty is a complex subject given the ills that permeate the subject, a theory that considers this complexity is Sen's capabilities, which deals with the multidimensionality of poverty and the necessary acquisitions and freedoms to overcome it. The PBF is an income transfer program created with the aim of immediately alleviating poverty, breaking the intergenerational cycle of poverty and emancipating beneficiary families. This discussion supported the objective of analyzing the contribution of the Bolsa Família Program to the social emancipation of beneficiary families in the municipality of Santa Maria, in the state of Rio Grande do Sul. Methodologically, the study is considered qualitative and descriptive, carried out through a survey, applied to 369 PBF beneficiaries, using descriptive and factor analysis, hypothesis testing and regression. In addition, the multidimensional indices of deprivation (BMI) and extreme poverty (IPE) were tested based on four dimensions: health, work and income, education and housing. The main results indicate that the average satisfaction with the program reached 8.5, with the dimensions health and work and income being the ones that most influenced the satisfaction of the beneficiary families; BMI and IPE were 0.53 and 0.35, respectively, which denote the low well-being and extreme need of the researched families. In conclusion, it is emphasized that the results corroborate the multidimensionality of poverty, although the contribution of the PBF has been observed, the program alone is not enough to offer emancipation and the acquisition of other freedoms to the beneficiaries, requiring articulation with other public policies to effectively provide conditions for overcoming poverty and expanding capabilities.