Importância do rastreamento pré-concepcional e pré-natal da infecção por T. gondii. Prevalência sorológica em um hospital público

Abstract

The acute infection by Toxoplasma gondii can bring serious consequences to the newborn when it assails a woman during pregnancy, due to the possibility of placental transmission. The identification of seronegative women, susceptible to infection during pregnancy, and the precocious detection of acute cases allow the institution of preventive measures or adequate treatment, reducing the frequency and seriousness of the congenital infection. The research of antibodies IgG specific to antigens of T. gondii in 553 women attended in different units of the University Hospital at the Federal University of Santa Maria has allowed determining the prevalence of infection in this population, which was of 64% (355/ 553). The research of antibodies IgM in 160 of these patients was asked and 6.25% (10/ 160) of them showed reagent results having levels of this antibody between 2.8- 0.6 Ul/ml, which can suggest either presence of acute infection or residual antibodies IgM, resulting from a recent previous infection. The rate of 36% of susceptible women (seronegative), likely to acquire the infection during pregnancy, alerts to the importance of searching for this infection. The serological observation during the prenatal routine will allow the precocious detection of acute infection cases by means of seroconversion. The research of these antibodies, as preconceptive routine, will allow providing these patients with preventive hygienic dietetic information, decreasing the risk of acquiring this infection in a future pregnancy.