Influência da água e de alimentos ingeridos por pacientes com insuficiência renal crônica mantidos em tratamento dialítico na dosagem de alumínio sérico

Abstract

Background: This work describes an investigation carried out with chronic renal patients on hemodialysis treatment at hospital Casa de Saúde in Santa Maria (RS). The aim was to verify if there is any relationship between the water and food ingested by the patients and their aluminum serum level. The patients answered a questionnaire about food habits and, according to the answers, the most consumed foodstuff were selected for the analysis. The patients collected drinking water in your homes, which was analyzed for their aluminum content. Patients’ blood were also collected for the determination of aluminum levels. A total of 143 patients participated in the study. Eighty two water samples were analyzed, including mineral water, well water and treated water, from different cities. Twenty seven different foodstuff, including grains, fruits, vegetables, drinks, bread and sugar were also analyzed. Aluminum determination was carried out by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry, after convenient sample treatment. Results: Water samples presented aluminum levels between 3 and 439 g/L. Among the foodstuff, the highest levels were found in rice 92 g/g,lettuce 48 g/g and milk 1700 g/L. Artificial juice and soft drinks also presented elevated aluminum levels, between 60 and 257 g/L. In order to evaluate the aluminum ingestion through food, the intake was standardized considering portions in a mass basis. Thus, it was possible to determine the amount of aluminum ingested by each patient per day via food. For water, it was considered the consumption of one liter per patient per day. Conclusions: It was not observed a clear relationship between the level of aluminum in the patients’ blood and the aluminum intake via water. However, there is a strong relationship between the aluminum ingested via food and the aluminum blood level of the patients that participated in the study.