Metodologia para geração e uso de energia elétrica de fontes renováveis com foco em tecnologias disruptivas e valores socioculturais locais

Abstract

This thesis was carried out with the purpose of creating a methodology to define the composition of the local energy use and to generate electric energy through the complementarity of the sources of renewable energies, focusing on the local sociocultural values. The methodology helps local decision-makers to foster the development of their communities, generating electricity through renewable sources and compensating the energy consumed by the set of their electric charges. The municipality may be the inducer of development by acquiring renewable energy products and / or waste from local industries to produce energy. ANEEL through Normative Resolution number 687/2015 amended art. 2 of Normative Resolution 482/2012, which increased the possibility of generating power, injecting into the distribution network through a consumer unit and compensating the consumption carried out at a different point. For the use of renewable sources, according to local specificities, the different possible sources, including seasonal ones, of greater or lesser potential will be evaluated, since in the compensation system, in Brazil, the credits generated in addition to the monthly consumption will be valid for be compensated in up to sixty months. The method seeks, fundamentally, to establish the complementarity of renewable sources so that all the available potential, and of interest of the local community, can be harnessed. In the formation of the composition of the local energy use, the sources are prioritized according to their hierarchical orders established by the managers, through the AHP (Analytic Hierarchy Process) multi-criteria method. After establishing the hierarchy of sources, it is determined how much should be generated in each source, considering the need to meet the demand to supply the amount of energy sufficient for compensation in the regime of permanent time. A case study was carried out in a municipality located in the South of the State of Rio Grande do Sul, proposing generation through the complementarity of local renewable sources, reduction of energy consumption with the change of the technology of the public lighting system and compensation of the electric energy consumed by the set of electric charges. These actions reduce energy consumption, economic costs and foster the development of local communities.