Produção de azeite de oliva sob irrigação por gotejamento com diferentes tratamentos na Fazenda San Pedro – Colonia – Uruguai

Abstract

The present work had main objective to evaluate olive oil yields applying different irrigation treatments through the drip irrigation method. The experiment was conducted in a commercial property of olive trees called San Pedro in the state of Colonia del Sacramento in Uruguay in a plantation of about fifteen acres of the variety Arbequina olive six years of age, with spacing of 7.5 m between rows and 5m between plants and density of approximately two hundred eighty-eight plants per hectare. The study was assessed during the months of september, october, december 2011, january and february 2012. We used four different irrigation treatments; natural irrigation (rainfall), four, eight and twelve liters of water per hour for two hours in the days monday, wednesday and friday for two weeks and within two weeks the same amount of water, but, four hours). During the irrigation season, were held monthly luminosity measurements at three positions above the tree inside it and below the canopy and measurements of the circumference of the trunks of trees. The yields of oil ranged from about 10.42 l plant-¹ in treatment (natural irrigation) approximately 21.92 l plant-¹ treatment B (4 l plant-¹). It is recommended to repeat the experiment under the same conditions, changing only the amount of water for the following flow 2, 4, 6 and 8 l h-¹ plant-¹ for two hours three times a week for two weeks and the two weeks of the same amount of water, but in four hours), or for 3, 5 and 7 l h-¹ plant-¹ under the same conditions.