Expansão agrícola na região no sudoeste do Tocantins: um estudo exploratório

Abstract

In recent years, the expansion of the new agricultural frontier in the cerrado region in the states that make up Matopiba has intensified. This regionalization seeks to expand the agricultural frontier through rural mechanization, converting areas that were previously destined for family farming into specialized territories aimed at large agro-industrial productions and mining activities, with an emphasis on the production of commodities. Based on this perspective, the objective of this study was to understand the peculiarities, decision-making processes and vision of farmers from the South of the country who migrated to the North region in order to expand the agricultural frontier. The research was conducted using a qualitative approach, classified as exploratory. A questionnaire consisting of 13 questions, open and closed, was prepared and sent via WhatsApp to producers in the state of Tocantins, more specifically in the municipalities of Lagoa da Confusão, Gurupi e Palmas. After applying the questionnaire, four interviewees received feedback: an agronomist (interviewee 1), a rural producer (interviewee 2), a farmer (interviewee 3) and a businessman (interviewee 4). After discussions, it can be understood that the need to increase food production is the main drive to expand. The intention and decision for the future is to expand the agricultural frontier from just 1% to 20%. However, it is essential to be aware of environmental impacts and understand that agricultural expansion, aimed at meeting the global demand for food, must be guided by conservation measures. To achieve this, it is essential to adopt initiatives that aim to preserve and control deforestation and fires in the Northern region of Brazil, considering the significant loss of native vegetation. Therefore, it is essential to implement projects and plans that guarantee the preservation of this important biome.