Tratamento de sementes de alface, milho, soja e feijão com os elementos terras raras cério e lantânio

Abstract

Rare earth elements, or lanthanides, are commonly applied to plants at Chinese agriculture, as fertilizers. Brazil doesn t have any appointment of it utilization in agriculture. Experiments were conduced to evaluate effects of rare earth elements, cerium (Ce) and lanthanum (La), on seeds physiological quality of lettuce, corn, bean and soybean, growth and development of corn and soybean plants then seed treatment with this elements. For this, seeds of different species, on separated experiments, were treated for immersion in watery solutions of Ce or La, in different concentrations, for one or two hours. Were applied, at laboratory, tests of germination, first counting of germination, vigor classification of seedlings, seedlings length, dry mass and thermal stress. The experimental design was completely randomized with treatments composed of Ce or La concentrations and four replications. For corn and soybean were installed experiments at field. Were evaluated: emergency (corn and soybean), leaf number, height, diameter of colm, bloom and yield (in maize). Treatments were composed of different Ce or La concentrations and four replications. Results shows that Ce and La application at seeds influenced, in the majority of the cases, germination and vigor of seedlings. Seedlings length and dry mass were influenced by elements. Ce and La were absorbed by seeds and translocated to seedlings. At field didn t observe effects of Ce and La at corn growth and development, and at soybean emergency, but Ce treatment increased corn yield.