Tromboembolismo aórtico em cão com mastocitoma cutâneo

Abstract

Thromboembolism (TE) is an uncommon pathology in dogs, generally associated with a primary etiology, especially neoplasms and conditions related to increased cortisol, and the diagnostic method of choice is ultrasound. This appears to be the first report of TE in a dog with mast cell tumor. A 16-year-old, non-neutered female Poodle dog was referred to the Veterinary Hospital of the Federal University of Santa Maria (HVU-UFSM) with recurrence of cutaneous mast cell tumor on the left side of the thorax and hyporexia, and underwent chemotherapy with vinblastine and prednisolone. On ultrasound examination, a thrombus was identified in the distal aorta, at the level of the kidneys, and extensive areas of renal infarction, mainly in the left kidney, were observed. The patient was hospitalized for supportive therapy, but, a few days after being discharged, she developed anorexia and the owners opted for euthanasia. During the necropsy examination, thrombi were identified in the abdominal aorta and also in the left renal artery and in the trifurcation of origin of the iliac arteries. The left kidney had multiple areas of infarction. The mast cell tumor presented morphological characteristics of high malignancy and there were metastases to cervical and mediastinal lymph nodes. It is considered that the patient's TE could be associated with coagulopathies resulting from the mast cell tumor and/or corticosteroid therapy instituted as part of the chemotherapy protocol. Ultrasound examination was essential for detecting thrombosis.