Consumo de combustível e emissões de CO² no transporte rodoviário: do índice de irregularidade internacional ao mercado de carbono

Abstract

The importance of road infrastructure transcends economic aspects, also affecting social and environmental issues. In the environmental context, longitudinal pavement irregularity emerges as a critical factor, impacting not only transportation efficiency, but also increasing greenhouse gas emissions (GHG). Furthermore, considering the popularization of the carbon market, it is necessary to understand how improvements in road transportation can contribute to global strategies for mitigating climate change. This study explored models for converting the International Roughness Index (IRI) into fuel consumption, CO2 emissions and carbon credits. The methodology of this work consisted of a descriptive and exploratory literature review. The conclusions highlighted the urgent need for effective strategies to mitigate CO2 emissions, considering the ongoing dependence on fossil fuels in the road sector and the growing concern about greenhouse gases. The analysis of models such as HDM-3, HDM-4 and NIMPAC revealed a variety of approaches and variations in fuel consumption associated with irregularity. Furthermore, there is a strategic opportunity to influence global climate actions and promote sustainable solutions with Brazil's presidency in the G20 in 2024. As suggestions for future research, a specific analysis of the applicability of calculation models to the Brazilian road network and the development of an integrated equation to correlate IRI, fuel consumption, CO2 emissions and carbon credits are recommended.