O combate às fake news nas eleições brasileiras de 2018 e suas implicações sobre a securitização do ciberespaço no Brasil

Abstract

In Brazil, the 2018 presidential election was a pivotal milestone for perceptions and discussions about fake news which found in the media corresponding to the domain of cyberspace, a form of hyper-fast and far-reaching expansion, posing complex challenges to national security. Given this, this research aims to analyze and discuss the phenomenon of expansion of fake news observed during the 2018 Brazilian election year, seeking to highlight its implications in stimulating a securitization process, promoted by the Judiciary, which included Brazilian cyberspace. The work hypothesizes that the dissemination of fake news, driven by the proposed scenario, stimulated a securitization process that, led by speeches and measures from Judiciary agents, understood the need for securitization of cyberspace, given its facilitating characteristics regarding production and dissemination of fake news, mediated by hate speech and other narratives seen as threatening. The study is justified by its academic and social importance regarding the need for research that identifies, compares and explores the characteristics of this connection between fake news and cyberspace and how both are surrounded by a securitization process, aiming at collaboration for the understanding of practical and conceptual challenges that affect the structures and phases of this process in Brazil. Furthermore, the originality in pursuing the debate on new securitizing agents is highlighted, dealing with the growing role of the Judiciary in the securitizing movement of the case analyzed. To this end, a quanti-qualitative study will be carried out, using a hypothetical-deductive approach method and a procedural method that will correspond to a case study, applying a literature review, data and documents collection and analysis of content as well as research techniques.