Um estudo dos fatores de atribuição em textos acadêmicos de Letras e Psicologia à luz da Teoria Holística da Atividade e da linguística de corpus

Abstract

This study aims to investigate the constitution of the social role of the Language teacher/professor opposing it to an emancipated profession as Psychology, observing the internal asymmetry of the alopoietic systems and the endogeny of the autopoietic systems. With this in mind, it was used the methodological support from Corpus Linguistics to analyze and compare corpora, composed by graduate research papers, lato sensu monographs, stricto sensu dissertations and theses in the Language and in the Psychology areas. First, it was questioned how the macro and microanalyses, generated by the programs TreeTagger, WordSmith Tools 6.0 and the Semantic Mapper, are related to the multidimensional analysis. Second, it was verified which categories (axiologic, deontic and/or epistemic alethic ones), linguistically characterize the professional profile of the linguistic educators and psychologists. Third, it was examined which conceptions were recurrent in the corpora from the cluster analyses of the concord lines. These questions of the research were answered by the Holistic Theory of Activity. In this study, this theory is focused in questions about professional development in the opposition to autopoietic and alopoietic processes (RICHTER, 2011). In the sequence of the studies, it was observed the frame of each profession with basis in the statistical and qualitative survey of the corpora. The emphasis of the analysis was in the attribution factor which characterizes the social roles and the professional model. After the development of the theoretical review, it was passed to the methodological aspects which maintain this analysis. The collection of the texts which compose these corpora was accomplished on the internet by means of visiting the database of libraries of Brazilian universities. It was also collected texts in public and private university libraries of Santa Maria. After the arrangement of the corpora, the texts were converted into the txt format (text without format). The texts of the Language area were separated in two groups, market teachers and academic professionals, while the corpus of Psychology did not suffer any subdivision. The corpora were tagged and drew out the classes of words with more elevated results. Therefore, it was passed on to the use of the software WordSmith Tools 6.0 with the obtainment of the quantitative results for the words in prominence in the WordList. Later, it was passed on the Semantic Mapping of these words and the separation in subcategories. In the receipt of the mapping results, it was started the dimensional analysis. The results of this analysis indicate the prominence to the gnoseologic and praxeological competences and to the modal verbs must and can . The concords analysis was effectuated with the words which belong to these categories. The final results show a differentiation between emancipated and non-emancipated professions. The first ones guide their development and professional performance by the Ethic Federal Council and, the second ones, in the orientations found in professional s academic papers with postgraduate education and in the guidelines of the official documents. More specifically, the corpus with Psychology texts points to the linguistics indicia related to an autopoiesis, characterized by the regulated professions and the professionals of the Languages area subdivide them in alopoietic linguistics traces (market professionals) and almost autopoietic ones (academic professionals).