Doença do disco intervertebral, cinomose e neoplasma do sistema nervoso central em cães: 208 casos (2003-2014)

Abstract

This thesis involves the study of compressive and infectious neurological diseases in dogs, including the evaluation of functional recovery with intervertebral disc disease (IVD) thoracolumbar paraplegics and without deep pain perception (DPP) underwent surgical treatment, dogs with neurological signs associated to distemper (NSAD) and neoplasms of the central nervous system (CNS). Retrospective studies were conducted by reviewing the records of Veterinary neurology department (Veterinarian Hospital), of Federal University of Santa Maria. 208 cases were analyzed between March 2003 and June 2014. The satisfactory functional recovery of paraplegic dogs without DPP was observed in 73.3% (11/15) of the dogs. Recovery time after surgery occurred in one day [9% (01)], between 15 and 30 days [63.7% (07)] and over than 30 days [27.3% (03)]. 134 dogs with NSSD were studied, 39 definitive diagnosis (Group A) and 95 presumptive diagnosis (Group B). Adults were affected in 60.4%, followed by 31.3% of young and 8.2% old dogs. Neurological signs were varied according to the site of lesions in the CNS. According to the owners, the vaccine was applied only by veterinarians in 68% of dogs and clinical examination was performed in 56%, increasing the risk of vaccine failure. The CNS neoplasms occurred mainly in Boxers (35%), and the predominantly affected age-group was 5-year-old or older (92.3%). The course of clinical signs was higher for spinal cord (7-420 days) than for intracranial neoplasms (7-115 days). The most frequently neurological signs observed in dogs with brain and spinal cord neoplasms were, respectively, changes in the conscience level (58%) and hyperesthesia (57%) in neoplasms of the spinal cord. The cortico-thalamic region and T3-L3 spinal cord segment were the most frequently anatomical sites involved (58% and 43% respectively). Meningioma was the most frequently primary neoplasms affecting the brain and the spinal cord of dogs, consisting respectively of 40% and 75% of the cases.