Avaliação do estresse oxidativo através da determinação de produtos da oxidação avançada de proteínas (AOPP) em pacientes com anemia microcítica e hipocrômica

Abstract

The etiology of anemia is characterized by abnormal hemoglobin synthesis. Iron deficiency is characterized by microcytic and hipochromic red cells and low serum ferritin, being the most prevalent nutritional deficiency worldwide, responsible for iron deficiency anemia (FA). Anemia of chronic disease (ACD) is considered a clinical syndrome associated with chronic inflammation, infectious disease, neoplastic or traumatic, being the second most frequent cause of anemia. The severity of anemia correlates with the degree of pathology. Both have functional iron deficiency. The objective of this study was to evaluate hematological and inflammatory, as well as the presence of oxidative stress in patients with anemia. The blood analyzer was done by the CBC, automated hematology analyzer processed, Sysmex® (Automated Hematology Analyzer). The quantitative determination of ferritin is serum was done in IMMULITE analyzer. Levels of CRP and AOPP were performed in serum by automated Cobas MIRA® (Roche Diagnostics). Statistical analysis was performed using GraphPad Prism 5. We analyzed 70 patients with microcytic and hypochromic anemia. Of these, 29 (41.43%) were diagnosed as iron deficiency anemia and 41 (58.57%) with anemia of chronic disease. As a control group, we used samples from 44 patients with hematological parameters, serum ferritin, CRP and AOPP normal. The values of MCV, MCH and MCHC significantly lower in iron deficiency anemia. Ferritin levels showed that it can be considered both a measure of iron store as an inflammatory marker. In ACD there is increased production of inflammatory cytokines, which, in turn, increases the concentration of C-reactive protein (CRP). The results indicate that AOPP in both groups with anemia showed increased levels of this marker, which indicates the presence of oxidative stress, probably caused by increased production of free radicals and decreases in enzyme activities of the antioxidant defense system of erythrocytes.