Um estudo da construção do “habitus” no ensino da segunda lei da termodinâmica

Abstract

Thermodynamics is a branch of physics that developed as a science after the technological advent of heat engine and, due to the great importance of this technology for the English society of the eighteenth century. But these historical aspects are not normally considered in approaches of the Thermodynamics content to higher education. In view of this, we developed a teaching sequence for the content of thermal machines and Second Law of Thermodynamics using educational activities with different approaches and discussions through an approach that recognizes the historical contextualization of this content with development of heat engine and the importance of these for the affirmation of the capitalist economic system. Therefore we sought support in the Historic-Critic Pedagogy Saviani as a reference for teaching methodology and theory of the education system and in the acquisition of Bourdieu's habitus. The teaching sequence was implemented with three classes of engineering courses at the Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM) who attended the discipline of Física Geral e Experimental II. Thus, it were used as instruments to collect data: the class records, the analysis of the discursive responses of students activities and the responses questions post-test and pre-test, for which the qualitative analysis of the discursive responses has as reference the Análise Textual Discursiva of Moraes (2003). And it was also applied to the class a questionnaire about their interest in physics. The references suggested in the program of the course were also subject to analysis. Among the results were identified through analysis of the data some students' difficulties with regard to interpretation of concepts of Thermodynamics.