Manejo da irrigação pelo método Penmam Monteith na cultura da videira

Abstract

This study evaluated the effect of different irrigation levels by the yield components and quality of fruit of vine. The experiment was conducted at the experimental cultivation of grapes in the Polytchnic School of University of Santa Maria in Santa Maria, RS, and was utilized the variety Vênus, by the trellis way beteween october 1, 2010 and january 5, 2011 for gain the experiment data. The experimental design was ramdomized blocks with five treatments and four replications. It was determined a irrigation level of reference in accordance with the characteristic curve of water retention in soil. The irrigations were performed whenever the cumulative evapotranspiration in the period approaching the value of water deth reference. Irrigations treatments were called T2, T3, T4 and T5 corresponding the fractions 50, 75, 100, and 125% of water deth reference, and a control treatment (T1) that received no irrigation. It was evaluated the following parameters: by the plant, productivity and number of bunches.plant-1, by the fruit, weight, lenght and width of the bunch, number of the berries.cluster-1, weight of five berries, berry weight and diameterof of the stalk, hydrogenic potential and total soluble solids. The data used to evaluated the parameters through regression analysis are homogeneous and normal, without changes. The resuts of this study showed a significant difference (5%) for some parameters evaluated between the irrigated treatments and the control. Treatment with the highest productivity was the T4, with a yield of 17.794 kg.ha-1, an increase in productivity of 72,84% over the treatment without irrigation, however the effect on quality of the bunch was not significant. Given these results, the conditions under which the experiment was conducted, it is concluded that for the culture of the vine there is an increase in productivity related to the increase of irrigation water applied to a certain limit, after wich this increase in prodictivity is lower, without changind the quality of fruit.