Aspectos da qualidade de sementes e do estabelecimento in vitro de Eugenia involucrata de candolle

Abstract

Eugenia involucrata DC. is a native forest species in Brazil, and other countries in South America such as Argentina, Uruguay and Paraguay, with important economic, ecological and silvicultural. The species has edible fruit is widely used in cookery and has medicinal properties. Its seeds are recalcitrant, losing the viability and germination after collecting fruit, not supporting, thus avoiding long periods of storage. Because of this, we need studies to know the characteristics of the species, aiming at the production of quality seedlings. Thus, the overall objective of this study was to evaluate methodologies that can contribute to the propagation of Eugenia involucrata. They were evaluated the health quality, physical and physiological two lots of seeds, and different agents disinfectants for aseptic in vitro germination of seeds and different substrates, in order to ex vitro germination of the species. For in vitro establishment of nodal segments Eugenia involucrata were exposed to different disinfectants agents for the control of microbial contamination. Moreover, they also tested different pH values, sucrose and agar. The results indicated that Eugenia involucrata seeds present variations regarding the biometric features, high humidity and association with fungi. The filter paper substrate was not efficient for the germination of seeds of both lots evaluated. The vermiculite and grit:vermiculite in the ratio 1:1, gave the highest average of emerged seedlings. However, the seedlings did not develop appropriately if the vermiculite was disposed on the seeds, suggesting additional studies in this regard. For the in vitro establishment of nodal segments, tested disinfectants agents significantly decreased the fungal contamination in the explants, recommending the use of disinfectants agents Ca(ClO)2 3,0% (v/v) combined with NaClO 2,0% (v/v), however, these concentrations have not managed satisfactorily bacterial contamination. The pH was adjusted to 6,0 proved most efficient establishment of the explants in vitro. One can use 10g L-1 sucrose and 4g L-1 agar for the in vitro establishment phase nodal segments of Eugenia involucrata.