Organização vitivinícola na região central do RS: implicações socioespaciais das diferentes formas de produção

Abstract

The research approaches the winegrowing organization in the central area of Rio Grande do Sul, focusing on the production forms and the current reorganization that unchain new processes in the production of grape and wine. The chosen space cutting corresponds to seven municipal districts of the central area of Rio Grande do Sul: Jaguari, Pinhal Grande, Nova Palma, Silveira Martins, Ivorá, Ibarama and Sobradinho. Os objetivos específicos buscam: (a) realizar levantamento das vinícolas e da produção artesanal do vinho na área em estudo, verificando as relações entre essas formas de produção; (b) identificar, a partir de um processo de amostragem, a organização da produção artesanal e verificar quais as estratégias para que esta resista às mudanças atuais da produção vitivinícola; (c) caracterizar a produção das vinícolas e sua organização produtiva atual e (d) analisar as dinâmicas atuais da produção, bem como suas implicações na estrutura produtiva vitivinícola do Estado Gaúcho. The specific objectives seek: (a) to accomplish survey of the winegrowing farms and of the workman production of wine in the area in study, verifying the relations among those production forms; (b) to identify, starting from a sampling process, the organization of the workman production and to verify which strategies for that to resist the current changes of winegrowing production; (c) to characterize the production of the winegrowing farms and their current productive organization and (d) to analyze the current dynamics of production, as well as its implications in the winegrowing productive structure of the state. The research methodology was characterized by the dialectical vision, seeking, initially, a historical, concrete ransom, demonstrating the development of the viticulture starting from the Italian colonization, with historical periods of development and stagnation and its social spatial consequences. The collection of primary data was made in field work, and secondary data extracted from publications of the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE), from the Brazilian Company of Agricultural Production: section Grape and Wine (EMBRAPA Grape and Wine), from the Brazilian Institute of the Wine (IBRAVIN) and of the Brazilian Union of Viticulture (UVIBRA). In the third phase, the collected data were organized and ordered, starting from tables, pictures and thematic maps so that they could be interpreted and analyzed, providing the reach for the proposed objectives. The productive structure is organized starting from modern and traditional techniques of production, and each one answers differently to the dynamics of the current technical-informational-science period. The rural taverns, despite coexisting with the other production forms, tend to an extinction process that, consequently, will lead to the disappearance of traditional techniques, which demonstrate a part of the development process generated from the Italian colonization in the central area of Rio Grande do Sul.