A questão agrária e o MST no contexto de criminalização do social

Abstract

As the 1980’s marked the democratic opening in Brazil and, consequently, the participative enthusiasm and the resurrection of the struggle for rights movements, covered up by the military dictatorship repression, the 1990’s showed how twenty years of dictatorship and the authoritarianism history in this country maintain their deep marks. In the 1990’s there were much repression against social movements, pointing out, in this present research, the Movement of the Landless Rural Workers (MST). It still grows nowadays, the falling tendency of the State social politics, inside the paradigm of the neo-liberal globalization, and, on the other hand, its coercive power also grows. The aim of this research is to study, in that context, the social construction of the social struggles as criminals in the assemblage reactions of the media, the government and the society face to the farms occupation by the landless agriculturists. The dialectic broach method is used to investigate the object in a contextualized way, as a dynamic and historical element and through its contradictions. As a procedure, the monographic method was adopted, through a documental and bibliographical search. Thus, after studying in the first chapter, the problem of the heavy field concentration in one’s hand in Brazil, in the second chapter, this research tries to analyze how the political performance of MST happens, through the farm occupations and other actions, intending to pressure the government to achieve leisure fields to agrarian reforms; and also studying the different forms of violence that worry people in those farms. The third chapter is about the modifications that the State brought by the neo-liberal globalization, trying to verify the problems on the agrarian conflicts in the social State falling and the Penal State rising context, in the critic criminology mark. In conclusion, the growing search for a penal system as a way to solve struggles is, face to a context where it is illegitimated, a poor and excluded people contention from fields and cities. As the government does not have the autonomy to be a barrier to agribusiness and to realize the agrarian reform, it appeal to the illegality of the MST actions, individualizing the conflicts and consequently making them depoliticized, intending to stop them with no needing of structural changes. There is a great relevance to the social movements, like MST, show the urgency of a citizenship redefinition, to form a collective and participative movement aiming the emancipation. Just in those plans, with a democracy redefinition, it seems possible to finish the violence that is devastating the fields.