A construção de soluções de problemas financeiros – séries financeiras – uso do conceito e da definição de progressão geométrica para a determinação da taxa da operação

Abstract

This paper has as aim to provide solutions for financial problems characterized by a succession of monetary values (payments or receipts), the Financial Series, using theory, definitions and concepts of geometric progression. Once the problem is known and identified as a series, it is followed by the construction of the solution, and explanations to the usual solutions, including those which use Financial Calculators and Electronic Tables for a faster solution, are presented. In this kind of problem there are the financings of short and long term in which the values of the installments are “constant” and periodic. Some variants of these financings are also analyzed, considering the existence of a deposit and the term for the beginning of the equal and periodic payments – the grace period. Tables and graphics are used for a better understanding of the problems, and the cash flow as a resource to explain the concept of relative value of money in time, and to justify that a loan with constant installments is, in fact, a geometric progression. Finally, different kinds of managing for the solution of particular problems and a generalization for similar problems using numeric solutions and methods of current use for such purpose are presented.