Educação ambiental: análise e crítica da erosão cultural e da biodiversidade no biocolonialismo

Abstract

This study investigates the relation of the current denial of the knowledge status of the traditional knowledges, specifically, the traditional knowledges associated to biodiversity, the modern paradigm, the anthropic global environmental crisis and the Integral Environmental Education, critical and reflexive. This investigation is made from a bibliographic revision about the Decolonial Sociology by Boaventura de Sousa e Santos and from the Critical Theory. The methodology adopted by the world system, modern, western, capitalist – through cientificism – denies the knowledge status of the traditional knowledges, which is a way of subordinating or exterminating the people linked to them; as well as, dichotomize nature and culture, which is put in a place of exteriority/inferiority. The denial of the cultural diversity and the dichotomy culture/nature, which is in a place of inferiority, it is an inherently colonialist attitude. Therefore, the alterity and the negative recognition of the Other is inherent to the colonialism. Overcoming the erosion the culture and biodiversity is a problem belonging in the whole of the global environmental crisis. It only can happen, if, in the other hand of the modern colonial attitude, we establish relations of alterity and positive recognition. Recognizing the diversity of knowledges in the world (epistemological plurality) – through an “ecology of wisdoms” – the traditional societies and the nature. However, how do we establish relations of alterity and positive recognitions of the modern culture‟s Other – nature and traditional societies? On the adopted methodology, it can be done from an Environmental Education. Fundamentally, in this sense, since critical, integral and reflexive, far from the Ecologism.