As contribuições do IHGB, do Colégio Pedro II e do livro didático na constituição da História como disciplina escolar no Brasil do séc. XIX uma revisão historiográfica

Abstract

The aim of this paper is to conduct a research in order to realize and evaluate the contribution of the Historical and Geographical Brazilian Institute at D.Pedro II School, as well as the contribution of History school manuals, in the constitution and consolidation of History as a subject in Brazil of the 19th century. To develop this research, a study will be accomplished based on bibliographical sources related to the theme with the aim of realizing and analyzing how they relate to the two institutions, and the didactic manual to the formation and development of History in Brazil in the 19th century. It is noticed that at that time, the teaching of Brazilian History, from the perspective it was taught, it contributed neither to promote a critical reading of the newly created National State, nor the social relations among the ethnical groups who had formed the Brazilian society. The representation of Brazil was constructed as a homogeneous and pacific nation, where the European, Indian and African ethnicities kept a harmonious familiarity. In this way, the official History featured the civilizer action started by the Portuguese and, according to this version, it should have continuity with the participation of the native intellectual elite prepared by, among other means, the teaching and reading of the Occidental and Christian History and also Brazilian History. The second should be studied and comprehended as an extension or reflection of the first one.