Fatores de risco cardiovascular modificáveis em docentes de uma universidade pública do sul do Brasil

Abstract

Nowadays it is well known the great impact that personal habits and lifestyle have on people's health. It is also well known that cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are a major public health problem. The academic context, which is the focus of this study, appears to be a stressor environment by excellence, so there is the need to assess the health of teachers, constantly. Thus, the aim of this study was to analyze the prevalence of modifiable cardiovascular risk factors in teachers of a higher education institution of southern Brazil. The sample, calculated to be representative of the population of the institution's teachers, was estimated in 280. The presence of modifiable cardiovascular risk factors was evaluated based on the Framingham Risk Table and two questions were created using as parameter the "Fantastic Lifestyle - QEVF" survey, focusing on smoking and physical activity level (PAL). The results showed that, from the 280 teachers participants, 48% (n = 134) were male, and 52% (n = 146) female. The most common age range was between 40-44 years, followed by 45-49 years. Through the IMC it was observed that the frequency of normal weight, overweight and obesity grade I was 50 % (n = 63), 35 % (n = 44) and 12% (n = 15), respectively, in males, with higher values of overweight when compared to females. For women, the prevalence of normal weight, overweight and obesity grade I were 58 % (n = 83), 29% (n = 42) and 7% (n = 10). As to smoking and diabetes mellitus, quite positive values were found for both sexes, since most participants do not smoke and do not have diabetes mellitus. For the cholesterol levels, the < 160 mg% range (low cardiovascular risk) was the second most reported by men and the first among women. As for blood pressure untreated, the value of <120 mmHg was third most appointed in men, representing the first among women. The vast majority of men and women were considered active. Thus, it is concluded that in general, the sample presented a rather low prevalence of modifiable risk factors and most of them are aware of their health.