Variabilidade espacial de atributos químicos do solo, produtividade, e qualidade fisiológica de semente de soja

Abstract

The production of seeds with high potential for germination and vigor, besides being desirable for obtaining a field of production with different physiological quality, adds value to the product and guarantees its place in the market, however, studies have proven the existence of high spatial variability of Soil chemical attributes, seed productivity and physiological quality. Several studies have confirmed the existence of high spatial variability of soil chemical properties, productivity and seed quality. Thus, the mapping of seed quality and its unique collection can be a valuable tool for obtaining more homogeneous lots and better. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the spatial variability of soil attributes, grain yield and physiological quality of soybean seeds, as well as their possible correlations. For this there was the collection of seeds and soil on a regular sampling grid of 100 x 100 m, equivalent to grid of 1,0 ha per sample in an area of in an area of 77,97 hectares in the municipality of Seberi, RS, Brazil in crop year 2014/15. The seed samples were divided into large (>6,5mm) and small (<5,5 mm) seeds were performed following physiological analyzes of seeds. In soil samples was determined the clay content, pH, P, K, MO, Al, Ca, Mg, CTC, SB, Cu, Zn, S and B. Still determined the thousand grain weight and grain yield soybean crop. The results were submitted to descriptive statistics, geostatistics and correlation by linear correlation matrix of Pearson. There was a high spatial variability of seed quality, and the vigor effect is more sensitive to be used in the separation of seed lots for harvest. The seed size does not affect the physiological quality. The grain yield is not related to the viability and vigor. Boron was the attribute that best correlated with the physiological seed quality.