Processos licitatórios: a percepção de gestores de MEs e EPPs frente às legislações vigentes

Abstract

The main purpose of public policies is to solve public problems and, through their actions, provide welfare to the population. The public institutions that demand the provision of goods and services in order to maintain their activities. And, as suppliers of these goods and services, Microenterprises (MEs) and Small Enterprises (EPPs) need, in an environment of fierce competition, incentives for their development. The government, then, seeks to develop public policies, with actions that encourage MEs and EPPs to participate in bidding processes so that they become suppliers of public institutions which, consequently, would lead to their growth. However, in addition to generating policies, it is important to monitor, observing how these small entrepreneurs see the applicability of these actions by public entities. Based on this context, the objective of this study was to investigate the perception of managers of MEs and EPPs, in the field of medicines that won bidding contests in HUSM (Hospital Universitário de Santa Maria/RS) between the years 2015 and 2018, about the legal incentives provided in the current legislation regarding public procurement. In view of this, the methodology of the work is delineated as documental due to the analysis of the bidding processes of HUSM, besides bibliographic through the state of the art for the conception of the understanding of public purchases for micro and small enterprises, in order to understand the speech of the managers of micro and small enterprises that won bids for medicines for HUSM. Thus, the work is exploratory and qualitative in nature, since it seeks to understand the social action of these interviewees. As a result, it was observed that the existing legal incentives are extremely important for the MEs and EPPs, as they allow them greater chances of winning the bids. However, the incentives that should be benefits for the MEs and EPPs become the main barrier for them in public purchases, because the management of the institutions refuses to buy from micro and small companies, because they can be harmed, due to the lack of supply or even a more expensive offer. Moreover, barriers arising internally from the companies, such as low profit margin, low purchasing power, and externally to the company the bureaucracy, the lack of payment guarantees also prevent a greater number of contests won by MEs and EPPs. In the view of the interviewees, and the state of the art study, after the addition of legislation pertinent to the growth of ME and EPP, despite the positive aspects that led to growth for some companies there are still many negative points that resulted in a decrease in the number of contracts within the HUSM, leading to believe that there is still a lack of greater engagement between the ME, EPP and public agencies and public administration.