Desafios e estratégias de ensino do reino fungi na educação básica: contribuições de recursos didáticos

Abstract

The area of Sciences in general, and Biology in particular, are of great relevance for the improvement of knowledge and articulation with the experiences involving the environment, human development, technological transformations, among other topics. As the subject of study, we chose the Fungi Kingdom, in the opportunity to analyze the teaching landscape of this Kingdom in basic education and to develop, apply and analyze a diversified and contextualized didactic sequence to assist teachers in their teaching practice. In my teaching practice, I notice how students have difficulties in recognizing, characterizing and importance related to fungi. For this, knowing the organization of content in Textbooks (LD) and lesson plans from the Teacher's Portal (PP) provides educators with resources to use in the classroom. Three approaches to the Fungi Kingdom in the PP lesson plans and in Science textbooks for the seventh year of Elementary School, in addition to the work guidelines on this subject according to the National Common Curricular Base (BNCC) were analyzed. The memories of high school students, brought from elementary school, were investigated through the use of the digital resource word clouds and the effects of a didactic sequence planned according to the Three Pedagogical Moments (DELIZOICOV and ANGOTTI, 1990) as a teaching strategy. of the Kingdom Fungi content. The comparative analysis of what is available in textbooks and lesson plans with what is presented in the BNCC shows a decrease in the approaches of the Fungi Kingdom, limiting them only to the food chains studied in the fourth year of Elementary School. It is important to include digital technologies in educational contexts, as they allow for greater diversity and integration of activities, including retrieving memories, dialogued lectures and more contextualized practical classes. The discussion using word cloud results brought to the classroom a more active, communicative environment, with greater mobilization of students to perform tasks and a better disposition for discussion and information exchange. The teacher's work is constantly being evaluated and updated. The search and use of new resources and methodologies provide greater motivation for student learning. The path through the analysis of the teaching of the Fungi Kingdom still needs to be explored. The contributions of this thesis open the way for new research and discussions.