Potencial de sequestro de carbono a partir da intensificação agrícola no RS

Abstract

The great current mission of Brazilian agriculture is to continue producing more food, but in an increasingly sustainable way. Taking this into account, the soil proves to be a very important tool in the sequestration of Carbon (C) from the atmosphere, acting in the mitigation of this greenhouse gas. The objective of this work was to carry out a bibliographic review on the potential for carbon sequestration in no-tillage areas in the state of Rio Grande do Sul and to estimate how many hectares are fallow in autumn/winter annually, in addition to verifying which are the crops with the highest potential to provide and sequester carbon to the soil. To find out how many hectares are left fallow annually, data provided by the IBGE platform was used. To find which crops have the greatest potential to provide and sequester carbon to the soil, a review of scientific works was carried out that calculated the production of dry biomass by the crops and the C contents present in this biomass. In the last 10 years, an average of 5.11 million hectares have been fallowed in winter annually. There was little variation in the C contents in the biomass, as for the data of total dry biomass produced, it can be observed that there is a greater variation, this is mainly due to the fact that each experiment was analyzed under different conditions of soil, climate and region. The consortium between black oat + forage radish proved to be the best system considering the contribution of C to the soil, mainly due to its high potential to produce dry mass 7.61 Mg.ha-¹. Of all the C added to the soil by the dry biomass of winter crops, between 20.22% and 23.97% of this C over time is stored in the soil. If, in the areas that fallow annually, the oat + turnip consortium were used in winter, approximately 3.22 million Mg of C.