Luxação patelar medial em cães

Abstract

The medial patellar luxation consists in a displacement of patella of its normal anatomical position in the femoral trochlea and is considered one of the most common affection of the femorotibial joint in the dog. The cause can be of traumatic origin or congenital, and is more common in breeds of miniature and toy dogs with prevailence in females. The clinical signs in accordance vary with the luxation gravity, and sporadical lameness to the functional impotence of the member. In agreement, patellar luxation is classified from first to fourth degree as clinical and pathological alterations. The diagnosis is made by the clinical and radiographic evaluation of the affected joint. The treatment can be surgical or conservative. The surgical correction consists of stabilizing patella in the femoral trochlea and this can be through a combination of techniques. The conservative treatment contemplates rest and administration of analgesics. The postoperative care are of great importance to prevent return and to guarantee the total efficiency of the therapy. The luxations of I, II, III degrees present favorable prognostic, already the luxation of IV degree can vary of private favorable as the existing deformities. The only prophylactic method is to prevent the reproduction among affected animals.