A (im) possibilidade da maternidade no sistema prisional gaúcho: um estudo sobre o encarceramento de mulheres sob a ótica da criminologia feminista

Abstract

The growing attention to the prison reality in Rio Grande do Sul, both in academic circles and in the public sphere, aims to investigate the maternity conditions provided to incarcerated women in the state's prison system, using a feminist criminological approach. The methodology involved a literature and documentary review to analyze current policies related to maternity in the female prison system in the state, as well as to identify how Brazilian legislation and international treaties address the maternity of incarcerated women and how they are being applied or not in the reality of the prison system in Rio Grande do Sul. The study addressed the female prison system, highlighting general aspects of the prison system in Brazil in Chapter 2, providing a historical overview and a general analysis of female incarceration. In Chapter 3, the research examined the reality of women in the Brazilian prison system, focusing on the increasing criminalization and female prison population, especially mothers and pregnant women. Chapter 4 focused on respecting the rights of women who are mothers, breastfeeding, and pregnant, detailing the state's responsibility in penal execution and the specific guaranteed rights, with emphasis on the principle of human dignity. Thus, it is observed that incarcerated women face challenges and violations of their rights during pregnancy, childbirth, and the postpartum period, including precarious health conditions, lack of adequate assistance during childbirth, early separation from their children, lack of breastfeeding support, and the absence of specific policies to address the needs of incarcerated mothers. These findings highlight the urgent need for reforms and improvements in the Rio Grande do Sul prison system and, more broadly, throughout the Brazilian prison system