Fração total de células mononucleares como adjuvantes no reparo de cartilagem articular em trocleoplastia experimental de cães

Abstract

The difficulty to repair chondral lesions due to low mitotic activity, absence of vessels and blood supply, nerves and lack of support by the immobility of articular chondrocytes is a challenge for the orthopedist. Conventional and surgical alternatives usually result in relieving symptoms of the patient without, however, the formation of hyaline tissue at the injury site. Gene and cell therapy has been very promising as a treatment option. There is a great prospect for clinical use of modern technology, emerging as an alternative solution for the patient. This work aimed to develop a lesion in the trochlear groove articular cartilage of dogs using the technique of trochleoplasty widely used as a treatment of patellar dislocation in dogs. The study included 36 dogs, divided into three groups of 12 animals each with different treatments. For the control group 1arise grafting was not used, the group 2 was placed sponge collagen sponge (Gelfoam ®) and group 3 (cells) beyond the collagen sponge is added to the same total fraction of autologous mononuclear cells previously collected and processed in the laboratory. Each group was subdivided into groups of four animals that were differentiated by the follow-up period was 30, 60 and 90 days postoperatively. We evaluated clinical, radiologic, fluorescent, perimetry and histological and comparative analysis between the three groups. Animals with the addition of cells was better with clinically early support of the operated limb compared to other groups. Other evaluations were similar among all animals with no statistical differences but unlike previous studies signs of hyaline repair were found. It is concluded that the use of cell therapy accelerated the repair of cartilage injury with no difference in the quality of the final model.