O sofrimento de trabalhadores da atenção básica em um contexto de tragédia: estratégias desenvolvidas para evitar o adoecimento

Abstract

This study analyzes how workers of Atenção Básica em Saúde network experienced the context of a tragedy in the performance of their work activities, considering the imminent risk of suffering. Thereby, we sought to identify the existence or not of suffering through the organization of work, pointing the strategies built by workers to face this suffering. The study is characterized as exploratory-descriptive, with a qualitative approach. The data collection occurred from July to August 2013, through semi-structured interview, having as research subjects ten employees of different Estratégias de Saúde da Família (ESFs), being half of the sample consisted of higher education professionals and the others distributed between Nursing Technicians and Community Health Agents. The data was analyzed trough the Content Analysis method proposed by Bardin and the discussion had Psychodynamics of Work as a guideline. As a result three categories were listed: the suffering of the worker in a context of tragedy; the relation between the mode of organization of work and suffering; the defense strategies used to avoid illness. Based on the results, it was possible to find the existence of suffering in a situation that occurred in an abrupt and destabilizing way that favors the suffering, where workers are at risk of illness. Thus was realized the need for organizational support, with management actions and policies that can build favorable processes to worker health, aiming to contribute to the effort to overcome the difficulties encountered.