Composição tecidual da carcaça, centesimal e lipídica da carne de cordeiros submetidos a dieta de alto grão e viabilidade econômica da atividade

Abstract

The objective of this experiment was to evaluate the effect of diet with high grain diets on the carcass tissue composition, the centesimal composition and the profile of the fatty acids deposited in the meat of Lambs finished in confinement, as well as the economical viability of the system. Thirty - eight male lambs, castrated, of the Texel breed, born of simple birth and weaned at approximately 50 days of age, were used. The treatments were constituted by different types of grains, unprocessed, being: corn grain, white oat grain, black oat grain or rice grain with bark. The animals were slaughtered when they reached the pre-established slaughter weight of 32 kg, which corresponds to 60% of the adult weight of their mothers. The lambs of the different treatments presented similarity as to the proportion of muscle. However, corn-based treatment lambs presented lower percentage of bone and higher amount of fat. Considering the cholesterol variable, the animals treated with black oats presented results lower than 90mg / 100g, and human health could be considered healthy in this approach. Grouping the fatty acids evaluated by degree of saturation, corn-based treatment lambs had the lowest results when compared to the others, but when evaluating these lipids individually, the animals of this treatment contained the highest proportion of fatty acids Undesirable when compared to treatments based on white oats, shelled rice or black oats. The polyunsaturated: saturated ratio also presented superior results for the lambs fed the corn grain diet when compared to the others. In order to evaluate the economic issue, consecutive historical quotations from 2003 to 2016 were considered. The univariate analysis was characterized by a completely randomized design, with four treatments and eight replications. The multivariate analysis consisted of clustering. By the univariate analysis, the only treatment that proved advantageous was the corn grain base, where values were found for gross margin of R $ 16.55; Net margin of R $ 10.45; Profit of R $ 12.59; Net present value of R $ 11.44; Benefit index: cost of 1.05; Additional return on investment of 2.4% a.m.; Internal rate of return of 3.3% a.m. and discounted payback of 1.91 months. By cluster analysis, corn treatment was also the one that presented the greatest discrepancy in relation to the other treatments, while the treatments based on white oats and black oats were the ones that presented the closest ones. Thus, meat from lambs confined to a high-fat diet, because it presents results close to those recommended for healthy consumption, can be ingested without risk to consumers, since human food consists not only of sheep meat but must be nutritionally balanced. The joint analysis of the financial indicators indicated the feasibility of the confinement of lambs with a high grain diet only for the treatment based on corn grain, determining economic unviability in this study for the other evaluated treatments.