Comparação da composição corporal avaliada por absorciometria com dupla emissão de raio-x de idosas diabéticas e não diabéticas

Abstract

Among chronic non-communicable diseases (NCDs), diabetes mellitus (DM) represents a serious public health problem, with an increased risk for cardiovascular diseases and high mortality rates, especially in the elderly. As the body ages, it undergoes multidimensional physiological changes, among them, the increase in body fat deposits, with a consequent risk for overweight and obesity. The aim of this study was to verify if there are differences in the body composition of diabetic and non-diabetic older women submitted to body composition assessment using by Absorptiometry with x- ray dual emission energy (DXA). The participants answered a structured form with sociodemographic data (age, education and occupation). Subsequently, anthropometric data from the participants (weight and height) were collected and evaluated to calculate BMI and body composition was analyzed by DXA. The results showed that the BMI was significantly higher (p = 0.001) in diabetics (29.84 ± 4.84 kg / m2) when compared to the BMI of non-diabetics (27.16% ± 4.78 kg / m2). Diabetic older women also had a significantly higher percentage of fatty tissue in the arms (p = 0.003), android (p = 0.044) and total (p = 0.028), with the mean values found as percentages of diabetics and non-diabetics, respectively, of fat of the arms 40.02 ± 8.64% and 35.58% ± 9.27%, android fat 49,82 ± 8.41% and 46.52% ± 10.43% and total fat 43.47 ± 7.71% and 40.56 ± 8.25%. There was no significant difference between the percentage of fatty tissue in the legs and the gynecoid region. It is concluded that diabetic older women have a higher mean BMI and greater fat tissue in the arms, android and total regions in comparison to non-diabetic older women