Evidências da disbiose intestinal em crianças menores de cinco anos

Abstract

Objective: To analyze the scientific evidence for the occurrence of intestinal dysbiosis in children under 5 years old. Method: This is an integrative literature review, carried out in the electronic databases LILACS and IBECS through the VHL, and PubMed in March 2020. The search in the databases totaled 158 productions for analysis, of which 62 were found at VHL / LILACS and IBECS and 96 at PubMed. Primary research studies, published in Portuguese or Spanish, were adopted as inclusion criteria and animal studies were excluded. Subsequently, studies were selected by reading titles and abstracts, reading in full and checking the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The search and selection of articles were carried out by two independent researchers, avoiding the occurrence of selection bias. There was no need to perform a time frame of the studies. Results: The analysis identified situations of the occurrence of intestinal dysbiosis in children under 5 years old. These situations refer to an imbalance of the intestinal bacterial flora that reduces the nutrient absorption capacity and causes a lack of vitamins. Conclusion: there is an association between the occurrence of diarrhea and malabsorption of nutrients when the child's diet does not prioritize exclusive breastfeeding until the age of six months. Similarly, studies show a positive association between the child's diet based on exclusive breast milk and the addition of supplements, nucleotides or probiotics.