Economia do crime e a análise espacial da criminalidade no Rio Grande do Sul

Abstract

The present study aimed to investigate spatial criminality in Rio Grande do Sul from the perspective of the Economic Theory of Crime (TEC), seeking to develop the permanence of a possible relationship between criminality and protected respiratory conditions in the municipalities of Rio Grande do Sul. For the proposed analysis, the Exploratory Analysis of Spatial Data (AEDE) was used to visualize and describe the spatial distributions and possible local clusters through the Local Indicators of Spatial Association (LISA) for the years 2013, 2016 and 2020. The offenses analyzed focus on registered occurrences of abuse, embezzlement, theft, homicide, theft and drug trafficking. The results showed a trend of spatial autocorrelation, with the formation of clusters of municipalities with significant occurrence of crimes. In the end, it was concluded that, in Rio Grande do Sul, at least for the years under analysis, the concentration of criminal occurrences, in most cases, tends to be significantly higher in municipalities that have lower human development and lower Gross Domestic Product (GDP), while, on the other hand, they are those with the highest population densities and the highest rates of urbanization