Desenvolvimento e caracterização de bebida mista a base de abacaxi e banana

Abstract

Mixed drinks have been used to take advantage of certain fruits, which individually have difficulties in processing, such as banana, whose derivatives in preparation of beverages has been affected by the high content of pectin, a tendency to browning and formation of colloids. Recently, fruits like pineapple have been used for reclamation of other fruit, because they have good acceptability, antioxidant capacity and improve color stability. The aim of this study was to develop and characterize a mixed drink based on pineapple and banana. In the first stage, we used a total factorial design to evaluate the viability of heat treatment at different temperatures (70, 80 and 90 oC) and processing times (30, 60 and 90 min), on the stability of physical-chemical parameters in pineapple banana juice (2:1 v/w). We selected the treatment with the best conditions, in terms of quality, and three final formulations were proposed, with the intention of proving the preservative power of pineapple juice when combined with banana (2:1 v/w). Formulations included a banana nectar pasteurized (NBP), a pasteurized mixed juice, as well as, a pasteurized and sulphited mixed juice (SMP and SMPS). Microbiological analysis (aerobic-mesophile, yeasts and molds) were held in refrigerated samples to ensure safety in the sensory test of acceptability. Raw materials were characterized for having high percentage of moisture and an important mineral content and total dietary fiber. Results obtained using factorial test showed viability for use of heat treatment at 70 °C for 30 min to minimize browning reactions and maintain physical-chemical stability during storage. Moreover, NBP samples showed more susceptibility of loss for quality parameters, with high temperatures affecting, undesirably, certain parameters, such as luminosity index, yellow index, TSS/TA ratio and total polyphenol contents. Also, NBP samples were more susceptible to microbiological contamination. SMP and SMPS samples showed less change for important parameters, such as color and TSS/TTA ratio, but were impossible maintain stability of polyphenol contents. SMP showed higher K content that those found in fresh pulps. Microbiological counts for refrigerated samples were 11 and 51 CFU/mL, for aerobic mesophile-and molds and yeasts respectively. Both, SMP and SMPS were no significant differences between scores obtained in sensorial acceptability test. Results confirm viability of using pineapple and banana fruits to develop not sulphited mixed drinks, which are microbiologically safe, show sensory acceptability and maintain good quality parameters during 30 days of storage.