Campanhas eleitorais no rádio: estratégias argumentativas em entrevistas e debates da Rádio Gaúcha no pleito municipal de 2016 em Porto Alegre

Abstract

This research aims to study the argumentative strategies that were set in interviews and electoral debates at Rádio Gaúcha, by candidates and journalists in the 2016 municipal election. The analysis corpus comprises 11 interviews made in Gaúcha Atualidade program (9 of the first and 2 of the second round), 2 debates (1 in each round - with 8 and 2 candidates, respectively). In order to fulfill the main goal, were adopted the concepts of electoral campaign (IASULAITIS, 2015, SALVADO, 2012, LAVAREDA, TELLES, 2016), radio as a political actor (BORRAT, 1989) and debates and radio interviews (FERRARETTO, 2001, 2014; McLean, 2001; Lucht, 2009). The theoretical-methodological perspective is constructed from the Theory of Argumentation (PERELMAN, OLBRECHTS-TYTECA, 2005) and the argumentation in communication and discourse (BRETON, 1999; AMOSSY, 2018, CHARAUDEAU, 2012, 2015). The main argumentative strategies found in the candidates' speeches were previous and discursive ethos, social disorder, arguments of values and points of view, reframing, saving solution, authoritative argument and origin of evil, while journalists used prior ethos argumentative strategies, target information (CHARAUDEAU, 2012) and authority argument. Thus, electoral debates and interviews on the radio are productions that show how the media vehicle is an active political actor in a municipal campaign. The debates bring local politicians closer to voters, due the fact that in a national context this is hardly going to run on the radio "The interviews, apart from the potential to alternate candidates and journalists in the position of keynote speaker, are also spaces for constructing discursive images of politicians.